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Sinking of HMS Peacock
The sinking of HMS ''Peacock'' was a naval action fought off the mouth of the Demerara River, Guyana on 24 February 1813, between the sloop of war USS ''Hornet'' and the ''Cruizer''-class brig sloop . After an exchange of broadsides, ''Hornet'' was able to rake ''Peacock'', forcing her to strike. ''Peacock'' was so damaged that she sank shortly after surrendering.
==Prelude==
On 26 October 1812, the frigate USS ''Constitution'' and sloop ''Hornet'' sortied from Boston, Massachusetts. (The frigate USS ''Essex'' was supposed to accompany them but was undergoing repairs. Several rendezvous were assigned for the ''Essex'' to meet the other two ships, but the arrangements miscarried.)〔Roosevelt, p.67〕
On 13 December, the two American ships arrived off Salvador, Bahia on the coast of Brazil, where they found the British sloop of war HMS ''Bonne Citoyenne''. Commodore William Bainbridge, commanding the ''Constitution'', sent a letter to the captain of the ''Bonne Citoyenne'', challenging him to fight the ''Hornet'', an equal match. The British captain refused, as his ship was carrying a valuable cargo of bullion.〔Forester, p.91〕 Bainbridge left ''Hornet'' to blockade ''Bonne Citoyenne'' and cruised to the south, looking for other prizes. Eventually he found and sank the frigate .
Aboard ''Hornet'', Master Commandant James Lawrence was aware from Portuguese sources that a British ship of the line was expected. On 24 January 1813, appeared and Lawrence retreated into Portuguese territorial waters. After dark, he headed north along the South American coast. On 14 February, ''Hornet'' encountered and captured the British packet brig ''Resolution'', which was carrying twenty thousand dollars in gold and silver.〔Forester, p.97〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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